If we are serious about decreasing environmental pollution, then solar energy should be a part of the equation it isn’t a part of the problem, so it must be part of the solution. It’s recognized as an “alternative energy source”, as it isn’t widely used as a main source of power for very many people. It’s expensive to produce solar panels, and in today’s world, calculators and lawn decor are two of the most popular solar powered gadgets used by the mainstream. So, the burning question that could maybe help solve our planet’s current dilemma is, how do solar panels work? How does a panel harness the sun’s energy and turn it into electricity?

Solar panels are made from special materials that absorb the sun’s rays and turn them into electricity that can power all sorts of electronic devices. Devices that we use electricity for everyday without thinking twice about could be powered by solar panels.

In today’s world, we’re using a growing technology called photovoltaic (PV) electricity. Special materials are used to turn the sun’s energy into electricity and it can be used immediately or stored in DC batteries.

These materials have been recently developed and they release electrons when prompted by sunlight. Another name for a photovoltaic panel is a “direct energy conversion device”. All of these effects take place on an atomic level without any moving parts.

It used to be that only space age technology, like satellites and space stations, used photovoltaic panels. They were reliable for their continuous solar energy conversion, and once in outer space, the sun’s radiation is at least 50% stronger than it is on our planet.

Those living far from an electrical grid, more than a mile, are more likely to use photovoltaic technology, especially in residential homes. Power transmission cables cost way more to install than a photovoltaic power array would. If you’re a notable distance from an electrical grid, then it may be a good idea to consider solar energy for your power source.

But still, the looming question is “how do solar panels work?” Well, solar energy is made up of two kinds of radiation. One is called “beam radiation”. Beam radiation can be visualized by imagining direct sunlight on your skin while at the beach on a clear, sunny day. These cloud-free days make a major contribution to solar energy being gathered by solar panels, but the solar panels need to be strategically placed to harness the most sunshine possible.

The second kind of radiation is called “diffuse radiation”. This radiation isn’t the most desirable for solar panels because, as its name suggests, its radiation is diffused, scattered in a multitude of directions. It’s the primary radiation source on an overcast day, or if you’re relaxing under a shade tree. It isn’t very powerful and to rely solely on diffuse radiation would be impractical to say the least.

For solar panels to work efficiently, a sunny location is mandatory. Beam radiation is the most effective since it’s the strongest. Most of Western America qualifies as a good locale for beam radiation those states are good candidates for the use of solar energy, but northern climates and coastal states are usually quite cloud-laden and sadly, not worthy of 100% solar-reliance.

Solar panels can be set-up to meet your specific needs. 12 volt, 24 volt, and 48 volt DC systems are the most common. The life expectancy of 12 volt solar panels is well over 20 years and they fall in the range of 12-14% efficiency.

Solar power is still “alternative energy”, and part of that is due to its high cost to produce. They’re so expensive because they are made of supremely pure silicon semi-conductor materials. New materials are being explored and they’re geared toward lowering production costs, making solar energy more readily available to the general public. Cadmium Telluride based solar panels are one of the new technologies being explored, and if these are successful materials then solar panels should become more affordable for the average citizen. This is great news for the environment as more and more people convert to solar energy, the atmosphere can begin to heal.

Soon enough, solar energy won’t be considered “alternative” anymore. You want to consider certain things if you’re planning on converting to solar power before making a decision, but it’s a step in the right direction for the environment. The benefits outweigh the cost when it comes to our planet’s health. Energy independence has become a common goal for many, and if you want to use solar as just a back up plan, then the choice is practically already made for you. The planet will benefit immensely once solar energy is accessible to everyone.

To find out more on how solar panels work check out some more information here.